Preheat the oven: Set your oven to 150°C (300°F).
Season the lamb: Generously season the lamb shanks with salt and pepper.
Brown the meat: Heat olive oil in a large frying pan or ovenproof casserole over medium heat.
Sear the lamb shanks on all sides until golden brown.
Remove the shanks from the pan and set them aside.
Prepare the aromatic base: Add the unpeeled garlic cloves to the casserole.
Stir in butter, allowing it to melt, and add the rosemary and thyme sprigs.
Cook for a few minutes to release their aroma.
Prepare the sauce: Add honey (if using) and water or vegetable stock to the casserole.
Bring the mixture to a gentle boil.
Combine and cook: Return the browned lamb shanks to the casserole.
Cover with a lid and transfer the dish to the preheated oven.
Slow-cook the lamb: Cook for approximately 2 hours, or until the meat is tender and easily pulls away from the bone.
Turn the lamb shanks occasionally and baste them with the cooking juices to ensure even cooking.
Check the liquid levels and add more stock if needed to prevent the meat from drying out.
Caramelize the shanks: Once the lamb is tender, remove the lid from the casserole.
Roast the shanks uncovered for a few minutes to develop a golden, caramelized color.